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Timiso Letisetjentisiwe Nakuhunyushwa LiBhayibheli

Ekucaleni liBhayibheli belibhalwe ngesiHebheru sakadzeni, ngesi-Aramu sakadzeni nangesiGriki sakadzeni. Lamuhla litfolakala ngetilwimi letingaba ngu-3 000, liphelele nobe liyincenye. Linyenti lebantfu labafundza liBhayibheli abaticondzi tilwimi tekucala lebelibhalwe ngato, ngako betsembela eBhayibhelini lelihunyushiwe. Ngutiphi timiso lokufanele ticondzise indlela liBhayibheli lelihunyushwa ngayo, futsi tiyicondzise njani indlela lelihunyushwe ngayo LiBhayibheliLihumusho Lemhlaba Lomusha LemiBhalo Lengcwele?

Labanye bangaphetsa ngekutsi liBhayibheli nalihunyushwa ligama neligama kungenta lofundzako akutfole konkhe lobekushiwo nguletilwimi tekucala teliBhayibheli. Nobe kunjalo, loku akusebenti ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi. Asewucabange nganati tizatfu letimbalwa:

  • Kute tilwimi letifana ncamashi ngemitsetfo yelulwimi, ngemagama nangendlela yekwakha imisho. Sati selulwimi lwesiHebheru lesingu-S. R. Driver, sabhala kutsi tilwimi “atikehlukani kuphela ngemitsetfo yato nome ngemsuka wemagama, kodvwa tehlukene . . . nangendlela imicondvo lehlanganiswa ngayo emshweni.” Tilwimi letehlukene tisebentisa tindlela tekucabanga letehlukene. S. R. Driver uchubeka atsi: “Ngako indlela imisho leyakhiwa ngayo etilwimini letehlukene ayifanani.”

  • Etilwimini letikhona lamuhla, kute letifanana ncamashi ngemagama nangemitsetfo yelulwimi naticatsaniswa nesiHebheru, si-Aramu nesiGriki, lokutilwimi letasetjentiswa nakubhalwa liBhayibheli. Ngako liBhayibheli nalihunyushwa ligama neligama kungenteka lingacondzakali, futsi ngaletinye tikhatsi kungendlulisela umcondvo longasiwo.

  • Inchazelo yeligama nobe yemushwana ingehluka kuye ngekutsi kusetjentiswe kuphi.

Ngaletinye tikhatsi, umhumushi angakhona kuhumusha indzaba njengobe injalo ayisusela elulwimini lwekucala, kodvwa loku kufanele akwente ngekucophelela.

Nati letinye tibonelo letikhombisa kutsi kuhumusha ligama neligama kungahle kwente indzaba ingacondzakali:

  • Ngaletinye tikhatsi, imiBhalo isebentisa ligama lelitsi ‘kulala’ nayikhuluma ngekulala butfongo nangekufa. (Matewu 28:13; Johane 11:11) Nangabe leligama lisetjentiswe emshweni lokhuluma ngekufa, bahumushi beliBhayibheli bangasebentisa emagama lafana nalelitsi “kufa” nobe ‘kulala ekufeni,’ futsi loko kusita umuntfu lofundzako kutsi angadideki.—1 KubaseKhorinte 7:39; 15:51; 1 KubaseThesalonika 4:13; 2 Phetro 3:4.

  • Umphostoli Pawula wasebentisa inkhulumo lebhalwe ku-Efesu 4:14 lengatsi nayihunyushwa ligama neligama itsi “kudlala emadayisi.” Lesisho sasendvulo sikhuluma ngekungetsembeki lobekuba khona kadzeni nakudlalwa emadayisi. Etilwimini letinyenti, nawuyihumusha ligama neligama lenkhulumo ivele ingacondzakali. Kepha kuyihumusha ngekutsi ‘bantfu labayenganako’ kuyindlela lecacile yekwendlulisela umcondvo wayo.

  • KubaseRoma 12:11, kusetjentiswe inkhulumo yesiGriki lokutsi nayihunyushwe njengobe injalo isho “kubila kwemoya.” Lenkhulumo ayiwendluliseli umcondvo longiwo ngesiSwati, ngako kulelihumusho ibekwe ngekutsi “vutsani emoyeni.”

  • MATEWU 5:3

    Nakuhunyushwa emagama esiNgisi njengobe anjalo: “labamphofu emoyeni”

    Umcondvo: “labo labanakisisa tintfo letiphatselene naNkulunkulu”

    ENshumayelweni yakhe yaseNtsabeni, Jesu wasebentisa inkhulumo levame kuhunyushwa ngekutsi “Babusisiwe labamphofu emoyeni.” (Matewu 5:3, King James Version) Kodvwa etilwimini letinyenti, kuhumusha ligama neligama lalenkhulumo akuvakali kahle. Ngaletinye tikhatsi, kungendlulisela umcondvo wekutsi “labamphofu emoyeni” banenkinga engcondvweni nobe bete umdlandla futsi abatimiseli. Nobe kunjalo, ngesikhatsi Jesu asho lamavi bekafundzisa bantfu kutsi kuze bajabule akudzingeki nje kuphela benetise tidzingo tabo tenyama, kodvwa bekufanele bati kutsi bayakudzinga kucondziswa nguNkulunkulu. (Lukha 6:20) Ngako inkhulumo letsi “labo labanakisisa tintfo letiphatselene naNkulunkulu” nobe letsi “labo labatiko kutsi bayamdzinga Nkulunkulu” yendlulisela umcondvo longiwo wendlela lebeyibekwe ngayo ekucaleni.—Matewu 5:3; The New Testament in Modern English.

  • Etindzaweni letinyenti, ligama lesiHebheru lelitsi qin·ʼahʹ lisho kuba ‘nemona’ nome ‘sikhwele,’ lokuyimiva lengasikahle. (Taga 6:34; Isaya 11:13) Nobe kunjalo, leligama lingaphindze libe nemcondvo lokahle. Nasi sibonelo: Lingasetjentiswa nakuchazwa “inshisekelo” nobe indlela Jehova lavikela ngayo tinceku takhe nekutsi “ufuna kukhontwe yena yedvwa.” (Eksodusi 34:14; 2 Emakhosi 19:31; Hezekeli 5:13; Joweli 2:18) Lingaphindze lisetjentiswe nalichaza “kushiseka” tinceku taNkulunkulu letetsembekile letinako ngaye nangekumkhonta, nekutsi ‘atikuvumeli kungetsembeki’ kuNkulunkulu.—Tihlabelelo 69:9; 119:139; Numeri 25:11.

  • Ligama lesiHebheru lelitsi yadh livame kuhunyushwa ngekutsi “sandla” kodvwa lingahunyushwa nangekutsi ‘kubusa,’ ‘kupha’ ‘emandla,’ nangaletinye tindlela letinyenti kuye ngekutsi kukhulunywa ngani

    Ligama lesiHebheru lelivame kusho sandla semuntfu linetinchazelo letinyenti. Leligama lingahunyushwa ngekutsi ‘kubusa,’ ‘kupha’ nobe ‘emandla,’ kuye ngekutsi kukhulunywa ngani. (2 Samuweli 8:3; 1 Emakhosi 10:13; Taga 18:21) Ecinisweni, leligama lihunyushwe ngetindlela letinyenti letehlukahlukene ku-New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures yesiSwati.

Nakubukwa konkhe lokulangenhla, kuyabonakala kutsi kuhumusha liBhayibheli akusho nje kumane usebentise ligama linye ngaso sonkhe sikhatsi nakuvela lelifana nalo elulwimini lwekucala. Lohumushako kufanele acabangisise kuze akhetse emagama latawendlulisela kahle umcondvo ngelulwimi lahumushela kulo asusela elulwimini lwekucala. Ngetulu kwaloko, kudzingeka ayihlele kahle imisho ngendlela letawuvumelana nemitsetfo yelulwimi lahumushela kulo, kuze kube melula kukufundza loko lokuhunyushiwe.

Ngesikhatsi lesifanako, akukafaneli ayishintje kakhulu indzaba lokukhulunywa ngayo. Umhumushi lolihumusha matsandza liBhayibheli kuye ngendlela lalicondza ngayo yena angawulahla umcondvo walo longiwo. Kanjani? Ngeliphutsa, umhumushi angafaka umbono wakhe kulokushiwo nguloko lahumusha asusela kuko nobe ashiye imicondvo lebalulekile. Nanobe kuhumusha liBhayibheli ngendlela lalicondza ngayo kungenta kutsi kube melula kulifundza, kodvwa umfundzi angabese akasawutfoli umlayeto loliciniso locuketfwe ngilo.

Timfundziso tenkholo tingawuphatamisa kalula umsebenti wemhumushi. Nasi sibonelo: Matewu 7:13 utsi: “Indlela leya ekubhujisweni ivulekile.” Labanye bahumushi, lokungenteka baphatanyiswe timfundziso tenkholo basebentise ligama lelitsi “sihogo” esikhundleni sekusebentisa lelitsi “ekubhujisweni,” lokuligama lelikuchaza kahle loko lokushiwo siGriki.

Umhumushi weliBhayibheli kufanele akhumbule nekutsi liBhayibheli labhalwa kusetjentiswa lulwimi loluvamile, lobelusetjentiswa onkhe malanga futsi lobelukhulunywa bantfu labaphansi njengebalimi, belusi kanye nebadwebi betinhlanti. (Nehemiya 8:8, 12; Imisebenti 4:13) Ngako liBhayibheli lelihumusheke kahle lenta kutsi umlayeto walo ucondzakale kubantfu labatimisele, ngisho nobe basuka kuphi. Kukahle kusebentisa emagama lacacile, lavamile nalavakala kahle kunekusebentisa emagama langakavami kusetjentiswa.

Linyenti lebahumushi beliBhayibheli lente intfo lembi ngekukhipha libito laNkulunkulu lelitsi Jehova emahumushweni abo anyalo, ngisho nobe lelibito litfolakala emibhalweni leyabhalwa ngesandla yakadzeni yeliBhayibheli. (Fundza Sandzisanchazo A4.) Emahumusho lamanyenti afake ticu letifana nalesitsi “Nkhosi” esikhundleni salelibito, futsi lamanye aze afihle nekutsi Nkulunkulu unelibito. Sibonelo saloko kutsi kulamanye emahumusho, umthantazo waJesu lobhalwe kuJohane 17:26 utsi: “Ngibente bakwati,” bese kutsi kuJohane 17:6 utsi: “Ngikuvetile kulabo longinikete bona.” Nobe kunjalo, indlela leliciniso yekubeka lomthantazo waJesu nguletsi: “Ngibafundzisile ngelibito lakho” naletsi: “Ngilente latiwa libito lakho kulabo lowanginika bona.”

Esetfulweni selihumusho lekucala lesiNgisi le-“New World Translation” kubhalwe emavi latsi: “Asiwushintji umcondvo wemiBhalo. Umgomo wetfu loyinhloko kulo lonkhe liBhayibheli bewukwetama kuhumusha ligama neligama nakungenteka, nangabe sisho sesiNgisi salamuhla sitawuvakala kahle, nalapho kuhumusha njengobe kunjalo kungeke kuwufihle umcondvo.” Kungako iKomidi Yekuhunyushwa KweliBhayibheli Lemhlaba Lomusha yetame ngako konkhe lokusemandleni ayo kutsi isebentise emagama nemishwana lefana neyelulwimi lwekucala, futsi ngesikhatsi lesifanako ingawasebentisi emagama langafundzeki kahle nobe lafihla umcondvo. Loku-ke kwenta liBhayibheli lifundzeke melula futsi nalolifundzako etsembe kutsi umlayeto walo lophefumulelwe wendluliselwe kahle.—1 KubaseThesalonika 2:13.