Mulungu analamula Aisiraeli kuti azipereka chakhumi, a kapena kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo 10 alionse a zimene apeza pachaka, kuti chikhale chopereka chawo chothandiza pa kulambira koona. Iye anawauza kuti: “Usalephere kupereka chakhumi cha mbewu zako zonse zokolola m’munda mwako chaka ndi chaka.”—Deuteronomo 14:22.

 Lamulo loti anthu azipereka chakhumi linali mbali imodzi ya Chilamulo cha Mose chomwe ndi m’ndandanda wa malamulo amene Mulungu anapereka kwa ana a Isiraeli. Akhristu masiku ano satsatira Chilamulo cha Mose choncho sayenera kupereka chakhumi. (Akolose 2:13, 14) M’malomwake, Mkhristu aliyense angapereke ndalama “mogwirizana ndi mmene watsimikizira mumtima mwake, osati monyinyirika kapena mokakamizika, chifukwa Mulungu amakonda munthu wopereka mokondwera.”—2 Akorinto 9:7.

•  Zimene Baibulo Limanena Zokhudza Chakhumi​—“Chipangano Chakale”

•  Zimene Baibulo Limanena Zokhudza Chakhumi​—“Chipangano Chatsopano”

 Chakhumi chimatchulidwa maulendo angapo m’mbali ina ya Baibulo imene imadziwika kuti Chipangano Chakale. Maulendo ambiri amene Baibulo limanena zokhudza chakhumi ndi pambuyo pa nthawi imene ana a Isiraeli anapatsidwa m’ndandanda wa malamulo oti azitsatira (Chilamulo cha Mose) kudzera mwa Mose. Komabe, pali maulendo ena amene Baibulo limanena zokhudza chakhumi Chilamulo cha Mose chisanaperekedwe.

Chilamulo cha Mose chisanaperekedwe

 Munthu woyamba kutchulidwa m’Baibulo kuti anapereka chakhumi anali Abulamu (Abulahamu). (Genesis 14:18-20; Aheberi 7:4) Zikuoneka kuti chakhumi chimene Abulamu anapereka chinali mphatso imene anapereka kamodzi kwa mfumu komanso wansembe wa ku Salemu. Palibe pamene Baibulo limanena kuti Abulahamu kapena ana ake anaperekanso chakhumi pambuyo pa zimenezi.

 Munthu wachiwiri amene Baibulo limanena kuti anapereka chakhumi anali Yakobo, mdzukulu wa Abulahamu. Iye analonjeza kuti ngati Mulungu angamudalitse adzapereka “chakhumi pa chilichonse” chimene Mulungu adzamupatsa. (Genesis 28:20-22) Akatswiri a Baibulo ena amanena kuti Yakobo ayenera kuti anapereka nsembe za nyama ngati chakhumi. Ngakhale kuti Yakobo anakwaniritsa lumbiro lakeli, iye sanakakamize anthu am’banja lake kuti nawonso apereke chakhumi.

Nthawi ya Chilamulo cha Mose

Mulungu analamula Aisiraeli kuti azipereka chakhumi ngati njira yothandizira pa kulambira kwawo.

•   Chakhumichi ankachigwiritsa ntchito pothandiza Alevi komanso ansembe omwe ankatumikira pachihema nthawi zonse koma analibe malo awoawo olimapo. (Numeri 18:20, 21) Alevi omwe sanali ansembe ankalandira chakhumi kuchokera kwa anthu ndipo ankayesetsa kupereka “chakhumi cha chakhumicho” kwa ansembe.—Numeri 18:26-29.

•   Zikuoneka kuti ankaperekanso chakhumi chachiwiri pa chaka kuti chithandize Alevi ndiponso anthu omwe sanali Alevi. (Deuteronomo 14:22, 23) Mabanja a Chiisiraeli ankagwiritsa ntchito chakhumi chimenechi pazikondwerero zapadera ndipo pazaka zinazake ankachipereka kwa anthu osauka kwambiri kuti apeze zinthu zofunika pa moyo wawo.—Deuteronomo 14:28, 29; 26:12.

 Kodi chakhumi ankachiwerengera bwanji? Aisiraeli ankaika pambali gawo limodzi mwa magawo 10 alionse a zimene akolola pachaka. (Levitiko 27:30) Munthu akasankha kupereka ndalama m’malo mwa zokolola ankafunika kuwonjezerapo gawo limodzi mwa magawo 5 a mtengowo. (Levitiko 27:31) Iwo analamulidwanso kuti azipereka “ng’ombe kapena nkhosa iliyonse ya 10.”—Levitiko 27:32.

 Kuti adziwe chakhumi cha chiweto chimene ayenera kupereka, Aisiraeli ankasankha chiweto chilichonse cha nambala 10 mukhola lawo. Chilamulo chinkanena kuti sankayenera kufufuza ziweto zomwe zasankhidwazo kapena kuzisinthanitsa ndi ndalama. (Levitiko 27:32, 33) Komabe, chakhumi chachiwiri chomwe ankachigwiritsa ntchito pa zikondwerero zapachaka ankatha kuchisinthanitsa ndi ndalama. Zimenezi zinkathandiza Aisiraeli amene ankafunika kuyenda ulendo wautali kuti akapezeke ku zikondwererozi.—Deuteronomo 14:25, 26.

 Kodi Aisiraeli ankapereka chakhumi pa nthawi ziti? Aisiraeli ankapereka chakhumi chaka chilichonse. (Deuteronomo 14:22) Komabe, m’chaka cha 7 chilichonse iwo sankayenera kupereka chakhumi. Zili choncho chifukwa chakuti chaka chimenechi, chinkakhala chaka cha sabata kapena kuti chaka chopuma chimene Aisiraeli sankayenera kulima minda yawo. (Levitiko 25:4, 5) Choncho chifukwa cha zimenezi Aisiraeli sankayenera kupereka chakhumi nthawi yokolola ikafika. M’chaka chachitatu komanso chaka cha 6 m’zaka 7 za Sabata, Aisiraeli ankapereka chakhumi chachiwiri kwa anthu osauka ndi Alevi.—Deuteronomo 14:28, 29.

 Kodi Aisiraeli amene alephera kupereka chakhumi ankapatsidwa chilango chotani? Chilamulo cha Mose sichinatchule chilango chimene munthu ankayenera kupatsidwa ngati walephera kupereka chakhumi. Iwo ankafunika kupereka chakhumi osati chifukwa choopa kulangidwa akalephera kupereka koma chifukwa chakuti ankayenera kutero. Aisiraeli akapereka chakhumi ankafunika kunena zimenezi pamaso pa Mulungu komanso kumupempha kuti awadalitse chifukwa chakuti apereka chakhumi. (Deuteronomo 26:12-15) Mulungu ankaona kuti kulephera kupereka chakhumi ndi kumubera.—Malaki 3:8, 9.

 Kodi kupereka chakhumi kunali kopanikiza? Ayi. Mulungu analonjeza Aisiraeli kuti akamapereka chakhumi, adzawakhuthulira madalitso ndipo sadzasowa kanthu. (Malaki 3:10) Koma akamapanda kupereka chakhumi mtundu wonse unkavutika. Mulungu ankasiya kuwadalitsa komanso ansembe ndi Alevi ankafunika kumagwira ntchito kuti adzisamalire m’malo momathandiza Aisiraeli polambira Mulungu.—Nehemiya 13:10; Malaki 3:7.

 Yesu ali padzikoli atumiki a Mulungu ankayenera kumaperekabe chakhumi. Komabe, zimenezi zinatha pambuyo pa imfa yake.

Mu nthawi ya Yesu

 M’Chipangano Chatsopano, Baibulo limasonyeza kuti Aisiraeli anapitirizabe kupereka chakhumi pa nthawi imene Yesu anali padzikoli. Yesu anavomereza kuti anthu ankayenera kumapereka chakhumi. Komabe, iye anadzudzula atsogoleri achipembedzo omwe ankapereka chakhumi ‘n’kumanyalanyaza zinthu zofunika za m’Chilamulo monga chilungamo, chifundo ndi kukhulupirika.’—Mateyu 23:23.

Yesu ataphedwa

 Yesu ataphedwa anthu sankafunikanso kupereka chakhumi. Zili choncho chifukwa chakuti imfa ya Yesu inathetsa Chilamulo cha Mose kuphatikizapo ‘lamulo lokhudza kulandira zakhumi.’—Aheberi 7:5, 18; Aefeso 2:13-15; Akolose 2:13, 14.