Abavyeyi bafise amagara meza bibaruka abana bafise amagara meza

URUYOYA ruhimbawe kandi rufise amagara meza rwiryamiye mu maboko ya nyina. Se warwo akamwemwe karamusya. Kubera yuko ico kintu gihimbaye kiba incuro amamiliyoni n’amamiliyoni buri mwaka, biroshe ko umuntu abona yuko ivuka ry’umwana rigenze neza ari ikintu gisanzwe cane. Nakare, ko ari ikintu gisanzwe kiba mu buzima, kubera iki none umuntu yokwirirwa arahagarika umutima?

Ego ni ko, akenshi usanga abavyeyi bibaruka neza ariko si ukwo vyama. Ku bw’ivyo, abavyeyi bibungenze bitwararika ibintu barakora ibintu bitegereka kugira ngo birinde ingorane zidakenewe. Nk’akarorero, bariga ibijanye n’ibitera ingorane igihe umuvyeyi ariko aribaruka, bakarondera umuganga abakurikirana neza igihe bibungenze, kandi bakagira ibintu bimwebimwe bisanzwe bakoze kugira ngo bagabanye ingorane zohava zishika mu gihe co kwibaruka. Nimuze turimbure ivyo vyiyumviro ido n’ido.

Ibintu bitera ingorane mu gihe co kwibaruka

Kimwe mu bintu bituma umuvyeyi n’umwana bashikirwa n’ingorane mu gihe co kwibaruka ni ukuba umuvyeyi atakurikiranywe neza igihe yari yibungenze. Umuganga w’abana yitwa Cheung Kam-lau, akaba ari umukuru w’urwego rujejwe ivyo kwitwararika amagara y’abana bakivuka ku bitaro vyitiriwe Umuganwa wa Galles vy’i Hong Kong, avuga yuko “abavyeyi badakurikiranywe igihe baba bibungenze bishoboka cane ko bashikirwa n’ingorane.” Avuga kandi yuko “benshi muri abo bavyeyi baba biteze ko bazokwibaruka ibibondo bifise amagara meza kandi bidoshe, mugabo ko ibintu bitama bigenda nk’uko bari bavyiteze.”

 Ku bijanye n’ingorane zishobora gushikira abavyeyi, ikinyamakuru kimwe kijanye n’ivy’ubuvuzi (Journal of the American Medical Women’s Association) kivuga yuko “ibintu nyamukuru bituma abavyeyi bapfa igihe bariko baribaruka” ari ugutakaza amaraso menshi, ukuruha cane, ukwandura indwara ziterwa n’imigera be n’ivumbuka rirenze urugero ry’umurindi w’amaraso. Ariko rero, hariho uburyo ngirakamaro bwo kuvura mu bihe nk’ivyo kandi akenshi, nk’uko ico kinyamakuru gica kibivuga, “ubuvuzi bwa none . . . ntibusaba ko hakoreshwa ubuhinga buhanitse.”

Uburyo bwo kuvura buboneka bitagoranye na bwo nyene burashobora gufasha inzoya nyinshi. Ikinyamakuru kimwe c’ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ONU (UN Chronicle) kivuga yuko “ibice bibiri kuri bitatu vy’abana bapfa bakivuka boshobora kudapfa mu gihe abavyeyi bose be n’abana bakivuka bose” bovurwa mu buryo “busanzwe buzwi, bushobora kugirwa kandi bukoreshwa bitarinze gusaba ubuhinga buhanitse.” Ariko rero, urwego rumwe rujejwe ivyo gushikiriza amakuru rwo muri Filipine ruvuga yuko ikibabaje ari uko ukutamenya be n’ukutitaho ibintu kw’abavyeyi mu bijanye no kurondera umuganga abakurikirana igihe bibungenze ari ikintu kimenyerewe cane.

Gukurikirana neza uko bishoboka umuvyeyi yibungenze be n’umwana wiwe

Ca kinyamakuru ca ONU kivuga giti: “Abavyeyi bafise amagara meza bibaruka abana bafise amagara meza.” Kivuga kandi yuko igihe umuvyeyi adakurikiranywe mu buryo bubereye canke adakurikiranywe namba igihe yibungenze, igihe ariko aribaruka be n’inyuma y’aho, uruyoya rwiwe na rwo nyene rutitwararikwa bihagije canke ntirwitwararikwe na gato.

Mu bihugu bimwebimwe, vyoshobora kuba bigoye ko umuvyeyi yibungenze akurikiranwa mu buryo bubereye. Kumbure ategerezwa kugira urugendo rurerure canke akaba adashoboye kuronka amahera yo kuriha kwa muganga. Naho ari ukwo, igihe cose bishoboka umuvyeyi yibungenze akwiye kugerageza kurondera gukurikiranwa n’umuganga n’imiburiburi ku rugero runaka. Ivyo birahambaye na canecane ku mukenyezi abayeho yisunga inyigisho zo muri Bibiliya nyeranda, ino ikaba ivuga yuko ubuzima bw’umuntu ari bweranda, harimwo n’ubw’umwana akiri mu nda.—Kuvayo 21:22, 23; * Gusubira mu vyagezwe 22:8.

None ugukurikiranwa mu buryo bubereye vyoba bisobanura yuko umuvyeyi ategerezwa kubonana n’umuganga buri ndwi? Si ngombwa. Ku bijanye n’ingorane zimwezimwe zikunze gushika igihe umuvyeyi yibungenze canke igihe ariko aribaruka, Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ryitaho amagara y’abantu (OMS) “ryasanze abagore bagiye kubonana n’abaganga incuro zine gusa igihe bari bibungenze,” ivyavuyemwo “vyashobora kugereranywa n’ivy’abagiye kubonana n’abaganga incuro 12 canke zirenga.”

Ivyo abaganga boshobora gukora

Kugira ngo abahinga mu vy’amagara y’abantu, na canecane abigiye ivyo gukurikirana abavyeyi bibungenze be n’ivyo kwibaruka, batume birushiriza kugendera neza umuvyeyi n’umwana wiwe akiri mu nda, barakora ibi bintu bikurikira:

◼ Barihweza ivyo abaganga bagiye barandikira uwo muvyeyi yibungenze bakongera bakamugirira ibipimo kugira ngo babone ingorane ishobora gushika hanyuma bakinge ingorane zoshobora gushikira uwo muvyeyi canke umwana wiwe ari mu nda.

◼ Boshobora kugira ibipimo vy’amaraso n’ivy’umukoyo kugira ngo basuzume ingorane, nk’ugukeha kw’amaraso, indwara ziterwa n’imigera, ukuba amaraso y’umuvyeyi adahuye n’ay’umwana wiwe ari mu nda (ivyo bita incompatibilité rhésus), be n’izindi ndwara. Muri izo ndwara hoshobora kuba harimwo indwara y’igisukari, ubwoko bw’agasama bita rubéole, indwara zandukira biciye mu bihimba vy’irondoka, be n’indwara y’amafyigo, ino ikaba ishobora gutuma ivumbuka ry’umurindi w’amaraso ryongerekana.

◼ Igihe bikenewe kandi umuvyeyi akaba avyemeye, boshobora kumusaba guterwa incanco z’akamangu, tetanusi be na ya ngorane yo kuba amaraso y’umuvyeyi adahuye n’ay’umwana wiwe ari mu nda (incompatibilité rhésus).

 ◼ Boshobora kandi kumusaba gufungura ibintu birimwo vitamine, na canecane vitamine yo mu bwoko bwa B bita acide folique.

Igihe abaganga babonye ingorane zishobora gushikira umuvyeyi yibungenze maze bagakora ibikenewe kugira ngo bazikinge, canke bagafasha uwo muvyeyi kuzikingira, baba batumye birushiriza gushoboka ko uwo muvyeyi n’umwana wiwe akiri mu nda bibagendera neza.

Kugabanya ingorane zishobora gushika mu gihe co kwibaruka

Uwitwa Joy Phumaphi, akaba yahoze ari icegera c’umuyobozi mukuru w’urwego rw’Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ryitaho amagara y’abantu rujejwe amagara y’imiryango be n’ay’abantu muri rusangi, avuga ati: “Igihe giteye akaga kuruta ibindi vyose ku mukenyezi yibungenze ni ca kiringo kitoroshe c’ibise no kwibaruka.” None hokorwa iki kugira ngo ntihabe ingorane zikomeye, mbere n’izishobora guhitana ubuzima, muri ico kiringo kitoroshe? Mu bisanzwe, ivyo umuntu yokora ni ibintu bisanzwe, ariko bikeneye gukorwa imbere y’igihe. * Ivyo birahambaye na canecane ku bavyeyi batemera guterwa amaraso kubera imvo zishingiye kuri Bibiliya canke ku bipfuza kwirinda amaraso kubera ingorane zikomeye ashobora guteza mu bijanye n’ubuvuzi.—Ibikorwa 15:20, 28, 29.

Bene abo bavyeyi barakwiye gukora ivyo bashoboye kugira ngo biyemeze neza ko uwukurikirana amagara yabo ashoboye kubavura adakoresheje amaraso be n’uko abimenyereye. N’ikindi kandi, abavyeyi bibungenze boba bagaragaje ubukerebutsi baravye neza yuko ibitaro canke ikigo co kwibarukiramwo bivurizamwo vyiteguriye gusenyera ku mugozi umwe na bo. * Ng’ibi ibibazo bibiri vy’inkoramutima wobaza umuganga: 1. Uzokora iki umuvyeyi canke uruyoya nibatakaza amaraso menshi kibure nihashika izindi ngorane? 2. Niwaba utari ng’aha igihe nzoba ndiko  ndibaruka, ni ibiki uzokora kugira ngo mvurwe nk’uko ndavyipfuza?

Birumvikana ko umuvyeyi yiyubara azobaza umuganga amukurikirana kugira ngo yiyemeze neza ko afise amaraso menshi ashoboka ahuye n’urugero ruba rukenewe imbere y’uko umuvyeyi yibaruka. Kugira ngo amaraso y’uwo muvyeyi yongerekane, uwo muganga na we yoshobora kumusaba ko yofungura ibintu birimwo vitamine yo mu bwoko bwa B bita acide folique be n’izindi zo muri ubwo bwoko, hamwe n’ibintu birimwo icunyunyu ca fer.

Umuganga azorimbura kandi n’ibindi bintu bitari bike. Nk’akarorero, ivyo bandikiye uwo muvyeyi igihe yaza araja kwa muganga vyoba vyerekana ko hariho ingorane iyo ari yo yose y’amagara ikwiye kwitwararikwa? Uwo muvyeyi yibungenze yoba akeneye kwirinda kumara umwanya munini ahagaze? Yoba akwiye kurushiriza kuruhuka? Vyoba biranga ubukerebutsi ko yiyongera ibilo canke abigabanya, kibure ko arushiriza kwinonora imitsi? Yoba akeneye kurushiriza kwitwararika isuku ryo ku mubiri, harimwo n’iryo mu kanwa?

Ivyigwa vyagizwe vyerekana yuko igihe umukenyezi yibungenze arwaye indwara y’ibinyigishi bituma ashobora cane kurwara indwara bita prééclampsie, ino ikaba ari ingorane ikomeye irangwa nk’akarorero n’ivumbuka rya bukwi na bukwi ry’umurindi w’amaraso, ukumeneka umutwe cane be n’indwara yitwa œdème, ino ikaba ituma umubiri uvyimba kubera amazi menshi cane aba ari muri wo. * Iyo ndwara ya prééclampsie irashobora gutuma umuvyeyi yibaruka hataragera kandi ni imwe mu bintu bikomeye bituma umwana ari mu nda canke nyina bapfa, na canecane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajambere.

Ego cane, umuganga adafata ibintu minenerwe azokwitwararika ikintu ico ari co cose cerekana ko umuvyeyi yibungenze yoba yafashwe n’indwara iterwa n’imigera. Kandi bishitse akagira ibise hataragera, azoca ubwo nyene amusaba kwinjira ibitaro, ivyo bikaba bishobora kurokora ubuzima.

Umuganga yitwa Quazi Monirul Islam, uno akaba ari umuyobozi w’urwego rw’Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ryitaho amagara y’abantu rujejwe ivyo gutuma abavyeyi bibungenze badashikirwa n’ingorane, avuga ati: “Abakenyezi barahakwa kuhasiga ubuzima kugira bibaruke.” Ariko iyo bakurikiranywe neza igihe bibungenze, igihe bariko baribaruka be n’iyo bagiheza kwibaruka, birashobora gufasha kwirinda ingorane nyinshi, eka mbere n’urupfu. Birumvikana ko igihambaye kuruta vyose wogerageza kuguma ufise amagara meza. Nakare, nimba wipfuza kwibaruka umwana afise amagara meza, urakeneye gukora uko ushoboye kwose kugira ngo ube umuvyeyi afise amagara meza.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

[Iciyumviro nyamukuru ku rup. 17]

Twisunze ibiharuro vyasohowe muri Gitugutu 2007, umugore umwe arapfa uko haciye nk’umunuta umwe, ni ukuvuga abagore 536.000 ku mwaka, bivuye ku ngorane zijanye n’ukwibungenga.—Vyavuzwe n’Ikigega ca ONU kigenewe abantu

[Iciyumviro nyamukuru ku rup. 18]

“Buri mwaka inzoya 3.300.000 zivuka zapfuye kandi izirenga 4.000.000 zipfa zitaramara imisi 28 zivutse.”—Bivugwa na ca kinyamakuru ca ONU

[Uruzitiro ku rup. 19]

IVYO WOGIRA MU KWITEGURA IGIHE WIBUNGENZE

1. Nuhitemwo ubigiranye ubukerebutsi ibitaro wivurizamwo be n’umuganga canke umuforomakazi agukurikirana, mu kubaza imbere y’igihe.

2. Nuze uraja kuraba umuganga canke umuforomakazi agukurikirana, utume mugiranira ubucuti burangwa ukwizigirana kandi bwa kigenzi.

3. Niwitwararike cane amagara yawe. Nimba bishoboka nufate amavitamine abereye, mugabo wirinde imiti (mbere n’iyidasaba yuko uyandikirwa na muganga) kiretse umuganga agukurikirana abikwemereye. Usanga biranga ubukerebutsi kwirinda inzoga. Ikigo kijejwe kurwanya ivyo kurenza urugero mu kunywa inzoga be no kwizizirwa n’inzoga kivuga giti: “Naho abana bibungenzwe n’abavyeyi banywa inzoga cane usanga ari bo babangamirwa cane, ntibiratomoka yuko hoba hariho urugero na rumwe umuvyeyi yibungenze yoshobora gushikanako mu kunywa inzoga ntihagire ingorane n’imwe ihaba.”

4. Nimba ufashwe n’ibise hataragera (imbere y’indwi igira 37), nuce ubwo nyene witura umuganga agukurikirana canke ibitaro vyakira abavyeyi. Kukwitwararika mu maguru masha vyoshobora kukurinda kuvyara hataragera be n’ingorane ivyo bishobora guteza. *

5. Niwandike amahitamwo wagize mu bijanye no kuvurwa. Nk’akarorero, benshi basanze bifasha kuba bafise ka gakarata k’urwandiko ntabanduka rujanye n’ivy’ukuvurwa be n’uwokuvugira (DPA) kujujwe imbere y’igihe. Numenye uburyo bwo kuvurwa bukoreshwa mu gihugu iwanyu kandi bwemewe n’amategeko.

6. Umaze kwibaruka niwitwararike amagara yawe be n’ay’umwana wawe, na canecane igihe uwo mwana avutse hataragera. Nuce ubwo nyene witura umuganga w’abana igihe ubonye ingorane iyo ari yo yose.

[Akajambo k’epfo]